Turbine control



March 10. 1925.

L. M. KARNASCH ET AL TURBINE CONTROL Olfiginal Filed u 17. 1932 3Sheets-Sheet 1 Inven e1 0119.

I. MlVar'naso/z.

March 10. 1925. 1,

L. M. KARNASCH ET AL TURBINE CONTROL Originai Filed Aug. 17, 1922 3Sheet-Sheet 5 WW iw 9 w bw Patented Mar. 10, 1925.

UNITED STATES 1,529,186 PATENT oFFicE.

noronn M. KARNASGH, or SAN FRA CISC I ANDELX o. HUmcHINso-N, OF oAnLnnn,CALIFORNIA, AssIcrnoRs TO; THE :EEKDON WATER, WHEEL. 60., ar sen,nannqrsqq, CALIFORNIA, A CORLPOBATIOAT 9E QLQIJIFQ13.18111 ,,v 1

TURBINE conrnon.

Original application filed August 17, 1922, Serial' No. 582,374. Dividedand this application filed July 1,

19.24. Seri l No. 723,516;

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, LEOPOLD M. K'An- NASOH and ELY C. HUTonrNsoN,citizens of parent case Serial No. 582,37 4, filed August 15 17th, 1922,entitled ater Level Operated Load Apportioning Device for HydraulicPrime Movers.

In the operation of hydraulic prime movers with water conditions whichare variable 20 due to natural or other. reasons, it is essential to usesuch quantity of water as may be available at any particular moment tothe best possible advantage and with the greatest efliciency. To meetthis condition of variable 26 water supply, it is frequently founclcl'esirable to install aplurality of hydraulic prime movers to obtainthe most efficient results, since under certain conditions there may beat times a variation, in water flow from 30 a quantity insufficient forthe complete supplying of one hydraulic prime mover under minimumconditions which increases to a point where the flow becomes suflicientfor one unit, and then exceeds the quantity required for the one unitbut which excess is insufficient for two. units. The quantity maycontinue increasing so that it becomes sufficient for two units with asurplus for use in the operation. of a third, and thus increasematerially. On occasion there may also be two units, each of whichsupplies power toa system whichis independent of the other. Thisinvention has for its principal object to provide automatic means forutilizing 4 variable 1water flow to the best advantage under any of theabove conditions; and to provide adevice adapted for co-acting with anymeans or mechanism controlling the operation of an hydraulic primemover," said means being operated preferably from av point of watersource and affording a master control of the water supply to the unitwithout otherwise aifecting the normal function of speed regulation. Toprovide an interlocking control for use independently of, or incombination with, the master water control whereby any one of a numberof hydraulicprime movers-may become a master to functioninversely,whereby the operation of the master governor to de-' crease the watersupply occasioned by load fluctuation will correspondinglyincrease thewater supply in a substantially like amount and volume to another orsucceeding prime mover unit, and correspondingly a movement of themaster unit increasing its own supply affords a corresponding decreaseto a succeeding or other unit,

With the above mentioned and other ob jectsin view, the inventionconsists in the novel construction and combination of parts hereinafterdescribed, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and setforth in theclai'nishereto appended, it being understood that various changes in theform, proportion, size and minor details of construction. within thescope of the claims may be resorted to without departing from the spiritor sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

To more fully comprehend the invention, reference is directed to theaccompanyingdrawings, wherein Figure 1 is a View in plan illustrating aninstallation of a plurality of hydraulic prime movers with the preferredembodiment of our hinvention illustrated in connection therewit v Figure2 is a view in side elevation of the construction illustrated in Figure1 illustrating more particularly the rheostat or electric controloperated by the water level, and certainof the master controlconnections; 7

Figure'3 is a vertical sectional view of the governor control of a primemover unittaken on line 3'3 of Figure 45.

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional one line 4:,4 of Figure 3.

Referring more particularly to the several views of the drawings whereinlike characters of reference designate corresponding view taken parts, 1indicates a, water way or suitabledraulic prime movers 4. and 4. Eachprime mover is preferably mounted to operate a suitable elementillustrated in the drawings in the form of generators 5 and 5'. In thedrawings the hydraulic prime movers 4 and 4 are illustrated as turbineunits and may be of any well known type, and in the particularembodiment each is illustrated as being provided with a guide vanecontrol mechanisms 6 and 6, which mechanisms are operated by thehereinafter described elements, and so far as the same are duplicates inthe respective units they will be designated by single characters. Witheach turbine is associated a governor mechanism 7 of the well known typecontrolled by the conventional fly ball element 8 also of the well knowntype. Each governor is of the fluid pressure and centrifugal type, andthe element 8thereof is operated by a rotating shaft 9 driven from theprime mover shaft 10 by a belt 11. Movable vertically on the shaft 9 isa collar 12 carried by a lever 13,

the free end of which connects with afluid controlling valve 14. Theelement 8 pro-- vides the primary control for the operation cylinder 16formed with the ports 17, 18 and 19 and a fluid inlet connection 19. Theports 18 and 19 communicate through openings with the opposite ends of acylinder 20,

. rod is connected through a link 28 and lever and the port 17 connectswith the fluid sump 21 through a passage-22. Driven from the belt 22'off the shaft 10 is a pump 23 for withdrawing the fluid from the sump 21and forcing the same under pressure through a ipe 23 into a closed fluidchamber 24, from which leads an outlet 19 communicating with thecylinder 16. Within the cylinder 20 operates a piston 26 on a rod 27,which 29 with oscillating shaft 30. The shaft 30 mounts a double armedlever, the arm 31 of which connects with one end of the link 32, whichat its opposite end connects with the guide vane controlling mechanismconventionally shown.

The above described is a wellknown man- ,ner of connecting the governorto control the element 36 of which is adapted for movement over thecontacts of the rheostat dependent on the level of the water andconsequent position of float 37 connected with the element 36. The motorhas geared connecdependently of its control by the'fly ball element 8.

The vertically movable fulcrum member 42 connects at its lower end withan arm 45,

a lever 47 and link 48 with an arm 49 carried by the shaft '30 of unit4, the arm 49 constituting the other arm of the previously referred todouble armed lever.

The operation of our installation under various water conditions is asfollows Z.-

Assuming a variable water supply within reservoir 1, more thansufiicient to. supply unit 4, but insufficient for full supply of units4-'4 and others together. During this condition, the unit 4 will operateas master unit and through its moving of rockershaft 46 and rod'42, willposition the lever 40 to act as a limit to the control valve 14 of unit4, thus maintaining the limit of water supply to the same. I

With water 1 consumption for' operating the'unit 4 fixed as abovedescribed, an increase in water quantity in the reservoir 1 will raisethe float 37 which will in turn operate the element 36 of the rheostatand cor respondingly change the speed of motor 33. This change in motorspeed causes the end of lever 40 associated with element39 .to beslightly raised and its opposite end to be slightly depressed, operatingvalve 14 to cause the fluid under pressure to actuate piston 26 so thatthe same will operate the member connected with unit 4 to admit morewater to said unit. A drop in the level of the water in reservoir 1 willoperate the elements controlled by float 37 inversely-to that justdescribed. and diminish the water dc livered through the member 6 tooperate the unit.

Under conditions where a battery of units is assembled, and theavailable water supply while still of a variable quantity is in excessof the requirement of one turbine only, a prime mover may act as acontrol for the battery. In the accompanying drawing, the unit 4 and thefollowing mechanism is illustrated as the master control and thegovernor 8 thereof acts to control the speed of the fluctuating loadwithin fixed limits. The movement of the element 8 of this unit undersuch fluctuations is transmitted through link 48, shaft 46' and itsassociated .80 1 carried by an oscillatory mounted shaft;46, theopposite end of which connects through arms to the member 42 causingthis member to move in a direction to operate the valve 14 of unit 4inversely to the operation of valve 14 of unit 4; enabling the unit A:to utilize the amount of water rejected by unit 4: and vice versa. Inthis battery installation, it will be observed that there may bepositioned the control operated by float 37. The water control may alsobe made interchangeable between units if desired.

We claim 1. In combination with an hydraulic prime mover, a primarycontrol means for varying the water quantity delivered to said primemover within fixed limits in accordance with the variation of load onsaid prime mover, and a secondary control means, operable in accordancewith a variation in water volume available for supply to said primemover unit, for varying the water quantity delivered to said unitindependently of the load on said prime mover.

2. In combination with an hydraulic prime mover, a variable source ofwater storage for supplying thereto, a primary control means for varyingthe water quantity delivered to said prime mover Within fixed limits inaccordance with variations of load on said prime mover, and a secondarycontrol operable in accordance with a variation of water level in thesource of storage water for varying the water quantity delivered to saidprime mover independently of the load on said prime mover.

3. In combination with an hydraulic prime mover, a variable source ofWater storage for supplying thereto, a primary control means for varyingthe water quantity delivered to said prime mover within fixed limits inaccordance with variations of load on said prime mover and a secondarycontrol operable in accordance with a variation of water level in thesource of storage water for varying the water quantity delivered to saidprime mover independently of the fixed limits of said primary control.

4. In combination with .an hydraulic prime mover, a variable source ofwater storage for supplying thereto, a primary control means for varyingthe Water quantity delivered to said prime mover within fixed limits inaccordance with variations of load on said prime mover, and a secondarycontrol operable in accordance with a variation of water level in thesource of storage water for varying the water quantity delivered to saidprime mover independently of the fixed limits of said primary controland the load on said prime mover.

5. In combination with an hydraulic prime mover, a variable source ofwater storage for supplying thereto, and a control for varying thequantity of water delivered to said prime mover in accordance with avariation of water level in the source of water supply, independently ofthe load on said prime mover.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

LEOPOLD M. KARNASCH. ELY C. HUTCHINSON.

